Frost-proof ventilator for soil and other pipes



(No ModeL) T. 0. BOYD.

TRUST PROOF VENTILATOR FOR SOIL AND OTHER PIPES.

' Patented Jan. 12, 1886.

N. PETERS, Photwuthngmbher, Waahinglun, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS C. BOYD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FROST-PROOF VENTILATOR FGR SOIL AND OTHER PIPES.

- ESPECIFIC ATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,337, datedJanuary 12, 1886.

Application filed September 28, 1885. Serial No. 178,325. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS 0. Born, of Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Frost-Proof Ventilators for Soil and other Pipes, of which thefollowing is a description, reference being bad to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a buildingprovided with a soil-pipe to which my improved ventilator is attached,said ventilator being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a detached view ofsaid ventilator. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 4is a detail view showing a modification of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is avertical sectional view of a still further modification thereof.

Like letters of reference'indicate corresponding parts in the variousfigures.

The object of my invention is to provide a device whereby theventilators of soil-pipes, closets, drains, catch-basins, and the likemay be prevented from freezing, all of which is hereinafter moreparticularly described, and definitely pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, A represents a building provided with thensualsoil-pipe, B, which is extended. upwardly through the roof at, to servein the usual manner as a ventilator for the house-drain O beneath. Greatdifficulty and inconvenience have been heretofore experienced from thefact that the warm vapors arising from soil-pipes become congealed uponcontact with the cold protruding end of the ventilating-pipe and formhoar-frost, which serves to obstruct the pipe and prevent a free flow ofair through it, thus producing siphonage of the traps connecting withsaid pipe, as at c, Fig. 1, and permitting an influx of sewergas to thebuilding. This has occurred in my experience in the most costlybuildings, which have been especially designed with reference to thebest sanitary conditions.

In ventilators of the class mentioned heretofore in use it has beencustomary to simply extend the soil or ventilating pipe out of the roofwithout any protection whatever.

My invention has reference to utilizing the warmer air of the buildingbeneath toprevent said pipe from freezing; and I accomplish said resultby inclosing said exposed portion of the pipe in a secondary pipe orreceptacle, preferably closed at the top around the mouth of saidventilating-pipe, and extending through the roof into the buildingbelow, the lower end of said inclosing portion being open. Saidinclosing portion or case may consist of a box of any desired shape, asround, square, or polygonal, and may be constructed of anysuitablematerial; but is preferably made in the form of a long depending annularflange, as shown at D in the respective figures, said flange beingpreferably cast or formed from sheet or other metal or clay or othersubstance, substantially in the form shown in Figs. 2 and 3. In Fig. l Ihave shown said annular flange or inclosing pipe as extending throughthe roof only. In Fig. 4 I represent a modified form thereof extendingthrough the ceiling below.

I prefer to attach the hood or inclosing-pipe D to a short length of theventilating-pipe or to cast the same in one piece therewith, the lowerend of said pipe being provided with a bead or flange, b, to enable thesame to form ajoint with the pipe B, as at b, Figs. 1 and 4. A flange,d, conformed to the pitch of the roof, is formed upon the part D, forsecuring said ventilator to the roof, as shown.

Fig. 5 shows a modification in which I provide a pipe, E, attached tothe top of the flange D, and communicating with the space between theflange D and pipe B, in which event I prefer to insert a spiral flange,1), around the pipe B to distribute the warm air uniformly around thesame; but I regard the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3 as moredesirable for obvious reasons.

The operation of said device is as follows: The warm air from thebuilding ascends into the space between the pipe B and flange or pipe D,and upon becoming cooled descends to give place to warm air. Thus awarm-air current is continually maintained around the pipe 13, whichprevents the formation of frost therein, and this is true whether saidannular space is closed or open at the top; but if open said openingshould be at some distance from the mouth of the ventilating-pipe B, asotherwise the sewer-gas might often descend into the building. The pipeE, or any similar device, may serve this purpose, but renders saiddevice more expensive.

. Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, rounding the same of sufficient length to existendbeneath a roof from which said pipe may 1. The combination of the pipe Bwith the be protruded, said case being open at the botdependingflaugeD,substautia1lyas described, tom and having an airspace between it and 5and for the purposes specified. said pipe, substantially as specified.2. The combination of the veutilatin -pipe U a B with the dependingannular flange or ease D THOMAD BOYD and roof-flange d, substantially asdescribed. \Vitnesses:

3. As anew article of manufacture, a section D. H. FLETCHER,

10 of ventilating-pipe having a return-ease sur- J. B. HALPENNY.

